Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Does Medicinal Use of Marijuana Limit an Employer’s Right to Fire an Employee?


Image result for medical marijuanas
Employment lawyers are talking a lot about marijuana in the workplace. An increasing number of states, including Illinois, have legalized recreational use marijuana.
There is no single bit of advice that a lawyer can offer on the topic.
Our main problem is that these laws are state, not federal—thus, we are facing a patchwork. Adding to this hazy picture, federal law still treats marijuana as a controlled substance. Yet another layer of complexity is a series of state laws that allow medicinal uses of marijuana.
So, let’s just take this a case or two at a time and see if a pattern emerges. I’ll update with more as the year winds down.
Let’s start with Barbuto v. Advantage Sales & Marketing (2017), a Massachusetts Supreme Court case. Ms. Barbuto suffered from Crohn’s Disease and IBS. Her physician prescribed marijuana. She put on 15 desperately needed pounds—she had lost weight due to lack of appetite. She applied for a job and informed her interviewer that she uses pot twice a week, usually in the evening, to keep up her appetite. She got the job anyway.
However, when she tested positive for pot, she was fired.
Under Massachusetts law (and I imagine, others that are like it), use of medical marijuana is equated to treatment of a disability.
Here, the court ruled that firing Ms. Barbuto for marijuana use was protected by law. The act states, “Any person meeting the requirements under this law shall not be penalized under Massachusetts law in any manner, or denied any right or privilege, for such actions.”
In effect, the employer should have “reasonably accommodated” her marijuana use.
The employer said that it had a legitimate, non-discriminatory reason to fire her: She broke federal drug law. The court rejected that rationale. The justices reasoned that only Ms. Barbuto was at risk prosecution—not her employer.
Thanks to AMR for the question! 😊

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