There
is no doubt that President Trump’s “Buy American, Hire American” executive order
is choking an unusually rich pipeline for talent in the American economy. The order
seeks to reduce H-1B visa holders and spur more hiring of Americans. The visa
principally serves high-tech occupations—computer programmers being a prime
example.
Under our immigration law, an American employer cannot hire an H-1B visa
holder without advertising the job in the U.S. and finding no suitable
candidates. Also, the employer must pay a prevailing wage for the occupation
and labor market—often above $100,000. It is not cheap labor.
Some
examples of former H-1B visa holders are Elon Musk, founder of Tesla and
SpaceX, and Jyoti Bansal, founder of AppDynamics, which in January 2017 was
acquired by Cisco for $3.7 billion.
Stuart
Anderson, writing for Forbes recently, observed: “It
turns out one of the greatest benefits to America of H-1B visa holders may be
their children. When I interviewed finalists of the 2016 Intel Science Talent
Search, the top science competition for U.S. high school students, I found that
75% – 30 out of 40 – of the finalists had parents who had worked in America on
H-1B visas.”
My
forthcoming article in an New York University Journal of Law & Liberty summarizes the legal situation:
Whites Versus Indians: Is the Hire American Preference in Executive Order 13,788 Constitutional?
President
Trump’s Executive Order 13,788 states a “Hire American” policy, declaring that
the executive branch will “rigorously” enforce U.S. immigration laws. The
order, aimed at the H-1B visa program, ostensibly seeks to root out fraud and
abuse. But beneath its veneer of apparently legitimate policy justifications,
the Executive Order undermines Congress’ statutory plan to allow issuance of
65,000 annual H-1B visas. In place of these numerical limits, the Executive
Order explicitly seeks to ensure that H-1B visas are awarded to “the
most-skilled or highest-paid petition beneficiaries”—in other words, to
severely choke the supply of skilled foreign workers by rewriting the express
terms of legislation. Consciously inspired by the “You’re Fired” 60 Minutes
segment, the “Hire American” order executes President Trump’s
racially-motivated intent to blame Indian IT workers for the loss of Americans’
jobs. Using statistical data, I show that non-whites, especially Asian Indians,
comprise the majority of the H-1B labor market; using recent Donald Trump
tweets and interviews, I show that the president consciously favors whites over
other races; and using recent federal court cases involving President Trump’s
travel ban, transgender ban, and DACA-termination decision, I show that his
actions have created extraordinary precedents which apply heightened judicial
scrutiny of administrative actions. Indian H-1B visa-holders should challenge
Executive Order 13,788 as a Due Process violation of their Fifth Amendment
rights. Courts have ample grounds to apply heightened scrutiny to the “Hire
American” order and enjoin its enforcement.
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